I made a tier list based off this post:
https://www.reddit.com/Genshin_Impact/comments/l0ac0x/i_hate_tier_lists_but_understand_their_usefulness/ It's a long tier list for the 1.3 update, but I hope it's useful for some of y'all. I assessed the constellation powers of each character based off late-game content and left some additional info below each character's assessment.
SS-Tier being the highest score and C-tier being the lowest.
The order of the weapons and artifact sets are not in any particular tiered order. F2P weapons will always be first in recommendation followed by whatever else fits in the character's build.
Just a disclaimer: tier lists will always be flawed, especially when there are so many opinions and information to go off from. Micromanaging a tier list can be very tedious, it's tough to set an evaluation for a character when you have to compare them to another 20 to see if the tier is valid. So if there's any issues with their tiers, feel free to share your opinion - I'm always keen to re-edit. This was just originally a small fun thing I did after seeing some tier lists online, so I apologise in advanced if any characters aren't in your preferred tier.
I'll be updating this every now and then until the end of 1.3.
Terminology: DPS: Damage dealer or damage-per-second
Elemental Burst: Ultimate, Q ability, that one big move icon on the screen that requires energy
Elemental skill: Your E ability or that smaller move icon on the screen.
4P or 2P: Four-piece artifact / Two-piece artifact
F2P: Free to Play players, F2P weapon recommendation is listed first.
Cleanse: Removes elemental debuff from ally/allies with their own elemental application. eg. Bennett's burst which applies pyro on yourself and teammates or Diona's shield which applies cryo on self when cast.
Main DPS: The carry who is on the field most of the time and uses supports from the team to dish out damage. All main DPS are viable if you put in enough commitment.
Detonator: Damage dealers who have a high damage output in a short period of time. Previously labelled "Burst" but was changed to a more less confusing label to encompass overall burst damage and elemental bursts. Transformative bursts like Xiao, Razor, and Noelle are not included because of their kits.
Enabler: The support that allows the damage dealers to maximise their damage. This role utilises their kit by buffing, applying extra damage and crowd control, and setting up elemental reactions for overall team damage output potential.
Battery: The energy recharger of the team. Creates energy for the main DPS and supports.
Utility: A broad category that includes healing, cleansing, debuffing, taunting, buffing, and shielding.
Sub DPS: Includes all the battery characters, detonators, and enablers
Support: Includes all the utility characters
S / A: Borderline S-tier and A-tier
AMBER | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | C | C | C | C | B |
| C1 | C/B | C | C | C | B |
| C2 | B | B | B | C | B |
| C4 | B | A | B | A | B |
| C6 | B | A | A | A | A |
- Pyro Ganyu
- Decent pyro application but gets a huge boost in potential damage at C2 with her deployable bunny.
- Low energy burst but the utility of her burst is lackluster compared to other 4 star pyros since it does only damage and constant pyro application for a short period of time until you reach C6. Her deployable elemental skill does, however provide taunt and a considerable amount of energy for her teammates and this enabling and battery potential doubles at C4.
- At C1, her physical damage potential is possible with aim-shot cancelling - similar to Fischl. Very high skill ceiling, but her arrows can hit enemy weak points if you master this approach.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Prototype Crescent (F2P), Amos Bow, Blackcliff Bow, Sharpshooter with 4P Wanderer's Troupe if charged attack DPS. 2P Crimson Witch + 2P Noblesse / Gladiator / Wanderer's will also work for more flexible builds. Skyward Harp, The Stringless if C2/C4+ with 4P Crimson Witch of Flames. Compound Bow, Amos Bow, Skyward Harp if C1 physical build with 2P Gladiator's Finale/ 2P Bloodstained Chilvalry
Sub DPS: Favonius Warbow (F2P), The Stringless, Skyward Harp with 2P Crimson Witch of Flames + 2P Noblesse Oblige or 4P Noblesse if you want to use her for her burst or if you want to capitalise on her C6. 4P Crimson Witch of Flames if C2+ and detonator.
KAEYA | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery |
| C0 | B/A | B/A | A | B |
| C1 | A | B/A | A | B |
| C2 | A | A/S | S | B |
| C4 | A | A/S | S | B |
| C6 | A | S | S | B |
- 5 Star Husbando
- A great physical DMG DPS considering that he has the highest sword-held basic attack multipliers in the game. A staple for freeze, superconduct, and melt comps. Elemental skill has a relatively short cooldown, good battery, and long range.
- Deployable burst makes him an excellent cryo enabler and battery, however its true potential is locked behind C2. C6 increases his burst damage while also reducing the energy requirement for his burst.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Prototype Rancour (F2P), Aquila Favonia, The Black Sword, Primodial Jade Cutter, Blackcliff Longsword with 2P Gladiator + 2P Bloodstained Chivalry for flexible physical damage. 4P Blizzard Strayer for freeze comp and additional critical damage.
Sub DPS: Any recharge weapon, Festering Desire (F2P) with 2P Blizzard Strayer + 2P Noblesse / Bloodstained / Gladiator's / Wanderer's or 4P Wanderer's Troupe.
LISA | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | C | B | C | C | C |
| C1 | C | B | C | B | C |
| C2 | C | B | C | B | C |
| C4 | C | A | B | B | C |
| C6 | B | A/S | B | B | C |
- Strong ara ara energy
- Slow energy recharge and odd play style, her elemental skill cooldown and charge is too long to be capitalised with and also leaves her vulnerable.
- High burst cost for decent damage, second ascension talent allows her burst to reduce enemy DEF. Would be ranked higher in the tiers if her burst didn't push enemies away and had a lower energy cost. Her true potential unlocks at C6 as a detonator as she applies conductive status on surrounding enemies when she switches onto the field. This allows for high electro damage potential with her elemental skill in a small window of time.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Mappa Mare (F2P), Favonius Codex, The Widsith, Solar Pearl with 4P Thundering Fury or 2P Thundering Fury + 2P Gladiator's Finale or 4P Thundersoother
Sub DPS: Mappa Mare (F2P), any recharge weapon with 2P Thundering Fury + 2P Noblesse Oblige / Gladiator's or 4P Thundersoother
NOELLE | Constellation | Main DPS | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | C | B | C | A |
| C1 | C | B | C | A |
| C2 | C/B | B | C | A |
| C4 | C/B | B | C | A |
| C6 | A/S | B | C | A |
- Pancake rock maid, literal definition of "one man army".
- Her giant sword knows no limits, except her constellations. C6 increases her damage by a considerable amount and solidifies DEF as her main stat while also increasing the duration of her burst.
- Can't regenerate energy well, but her excellent shield and decent heals make up for that as a support. With her low energy recharge and relatively high energy burst, she requires a team built around her to enable her DPS potential to the fullest.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Whiteblind or Archaic Petra (F2P) Wolf's Gravestone, Skyward Pride, Serpent Spine with 4P Gladiator's Finale or 4P Retracing Bolide
Support: Whiteblind (F2P) or any recharge weapon with 4P Retracing Bolide or 2P Maiden's Beloved + 2P Defender's. 2P Retracing Bolide's effect doesn't carry its buff to other allies.
FISCHL | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery |
| C0 | B | B | S | S |
| C1 | A | B | S | S |
| C2 | A | B | S | S |
| C4 | A | A | S | S |
| C6 | A/S | A | SS | S |
- Electro Chunnibyo
- Best electro support in the game at C6, her burst resets the cooldown of Oz. Oz can constantly apply electro on the enemy and allow for many main DPS' to shine. Her second ascension talent is an excellent quirk for potential damage. A staple in electro-charged comps.
- An extremely flexible 4 star unit, can be either a physical main DPS or electro support.
- Her physical damage potential can reach higher with aim-shot cancelling. Very high skill ceiling, but her arrows can hit enemy weak points if you master this approach.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Compound Bow (F2P), Skyward Harp, Rust, Amos Bow, Viridescent Hunt with 2P Gladiator's Finale + 2P Bloodstained Chivalry or 2P Thundering Fury + 2P Gladiator's / Bloodstained
Sub DPS: Favonius Warbow or Prototype Crescent (F2P), Skyward Harp, The Stringless with 2P Thundering Fury + 2P Gladiator's Finale or 4P Thundersoother. 4P cooldown effect of Thundering Fury does not work unless she's on the field. Elemental mastery is weak with electro supports; Stringless being the only exception with its passive.
BARBARA | Constellation | Main DPS | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | C | B | C | B |
| C1 | C | B | C | B |
| C2 | C | B | C | A |
| C4 | C | B | C | A |
| C6 | C | B | C | A |
- Sadge 1.3 Barbara
- Has high healing output and can apply hydro on the enemy with her deployable elemental skill, albeit long cooldown - however, she has no decent support outside of heals except at C2 which gives additional hydro damage to allies with her E and C6 which allows her to ressurect a fallen ally.
- Her basic attacks have good multipliers in comparison to Mona, however the rest of her kit does not align well with the main DPS role.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Mappa Mare (F2P), Solar Pearl, Widsith with 4P Wanderer's Troupe or 4P Heart of Depth or 2P Heart of Depth + 2P Gladiator's
Support: Thrilling Tales of Dragon Slayers, Prototype Amber with 4P Maiden's or 4P Instructor
XIANGLING | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | A | A | A/S | B | C |
| C1 | A | A | A/S | B | A |
| C2 | A | A | A/S | B | A |
| C4 | A | A | S | B | A |
| C6 | A | A | S | B | S |
- Destroyer of slime condensates
- Best pyro application in the game with her deployable elemental skill and elemental burst. A staple in melt and vaporise comps and excellent support for a pyro main DPS at C1 and C6. Her second ascension talent drops chillis for additional attack damage.
- A very flexible unit with high attack ratios. Huge enabling potential spike at C4.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Crescent Pike (F2P), Primodial Jade, Skyward Spine, Deathmatch with 2P Gladiator's Finale + 2P Bloodstained Chivalry or 4P Crimson Witch of Flames
Sub DPS: Prototype Starglitter (F2P), Skyward Spine, Dragon's Bane, any recharge weapon with 2P Crimson Witch + 2P Gladiator's. 2P Crimson Witch + 2P Noblesse if C4. The 4P effect of Crimson Witch does not work if she's not on the field.
ANEMO TRAVELER | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | C | B | A | C | A |
| C1 | C | B | A | C | A |
| C2 | C | B | A | C | A |
| C4 | C | B | A | C | A |
| C6 | C | A | S | C | S |
- More like hurricane tortilla
- Big knockback and crowd control with their elemental burst and skill; the con of knockback could be easily thwarted if played around with enough. Elemental burst and skill can be infused with other elements. Long elemental skill cooldown and leaves them vulnerable while charging.
- Being an anemo pushes them higher in the tier as a support with access to 4P Viridescent Veneer. Very large power spike at C6 with its additional shredding capabilities with their elemental burst. This could also allow for other builds other than 4P Viridescent Veneer.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Prototype Rancour, Festering Desire (F2P), Skyward Blade, Aquila Favonia with 4P Gladiator's Finale or 2P Viridescent + 2P Gladiator's
Sub-DPS: Festering Desire (F2P), any recharge weapon with 4P Viridescent Veneer
GEO TRAVELER | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | C | B | C/B | A | C |
| C1 | B | B | C/B | A | B |
| C2 | B/A | A | C/B | A | B |
| C4 | B/A | A | C/B | S/SS | B |
| C6 | B/A | A | C/B | S/SS | B |
- Stepping stone and king of rock tumours
- Underrated damage potential. Big power spike at C2 and battery capabilities increased a lot at C4.
- Elemental skill has low cooldown and gives additional crit rate to allies and self at C1. Geo construct can be used to block enemy damage. Also an excellent battery for geo comps.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Prototype Rancour or Festering Desire (F2P), Skyward Blade, The Black Sword, Summit Shaper with 4P Gladiator's Finale or 2P Archaic Petra + 2P Gladiator's Finale
Sub DPS: Festering Desire (F2P), Harbinger of Dawn, any energy recharge weapon with 2P Archaic Petra + 2P Noblesse Oblige / Gladiator's or 4P Noblesse Oblige. 4P Archaic Petra for additional supporting capabilities.
BENNETT | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | A | S | A | S | S |
| C1 | A | SS | SS | S | SS |
| C2 | A | SS | SS | S | SS |
| C4 | A | SS | SS | S | SS |
| C6 | A/B | SS | A/S | S | S |
- The alpha chad of 4 star supports
- Elemental burst increases team damage output through the roof and cleanses the team with pyro. Fastest healing tick rate in the game although hampered by a 70% max HP heal limit. Low investment cost since his burst only scales off his base ATK. Elemental skill has a short cooldown and its cooldown is reduced by half in his burst at second ascension talent, making him the GOAT of pyro batteries.
- Main DPS potential is very high without constellations when paired with Chongyun or Xingqiu for melt/vaporise comps. A one man army capable of carrying his own team by himself.
- Bennett's C6 is the only detrimental upgrade out of the lot in this list. The constellation changes all melee damage and cryo/electro infusions into pyro damage when you enter his field. While it may boost his own DPS potential and other pyro damage dealers with its additional pyro DMG bonus, it is not best paired with skills like Chongyun's cryo infusion and Keqing's electro infusion. He also loses main DPS potential when paired with Chongyun as he loses access to melt.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Festering Desire or Iron Sting (F2P), Skyward Blade, The Black Sword, Primodial Jade Cutter with 4P Crimson Witch of Flames
Support / Sub DPS: Festering Desire (F2P), any recharge weapon with 4P Noblesse Oblige or 2P Crimson Witch + 2P Noblesse Oblige
DIONA | Constellation | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | B | B/A | A/S |
| C1 | A | B/A | A/S |
| C2 | A | B/A | A/S |
| C4 | A | B/A | A/S |
| C6 | S | B/A | S |
- The better Qiqi + actual furry, ew.
- Excellent support with her shielding, healing, and cleansing capabilities. Her cryo application is alright with her short cooldown elemental skill and her burst which deals continuous cryo damage. Her shield and burst cleanses elements very well.
- While C1 greatly increases her enabling output, her true potential is unlocked at C6, allowing her to give 200 elemental mastery to the team when her burst is out and increases her healing output to a great measurable amount.
Recommendations:
Support: Favonius Warbow (F2P), Sacrificial Bow with 4P Maiden's Beloved or 4P Noblesse Oblige
XINYAN: | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | B | C | B | C | B |
| C1 | B | C | B | C | B |
| C2 | A | A | A | C | A |
| C4 | A/S | A | A | C | A |
| C6 | A/S | A | A | C | A |
- Xinyan mains WYA
- A very expensive 4 star unit, her initial value without constellations is low. Her true potential is unlocked at C2 with her burst giving a guaranteed crit-hit and allows her to recast her shield. C4 is highly recommended to increase her DPS potential.
- Mixed stats are an issue, she may seem like a pyro enabler at first glance but she's more of a physical damage enabler for characters like Razor. Her elemental skill has a long cooldown but it can increase physical damage, cleanse herself with pyro, omit consistent pyro damage (if level 3 shield), and shield her allies.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Snow-tombed Starsilver, Prototype Archaic (F2P), Wolf's Gravestone, Blackcliff Slasher, Skyward Pride, Serpent Spine, The Unforged with 2P Gladiator's Finale + 2P Bloodstained Chivalry or 4P Gladiator's Finale.
Sub DPS: Whiteblind (if using her primarily for shields), Snow-tombed Starsilver or Prototype Archaic (F2P), Favonius Greatsword, Sacrificial Greatsword with 2P Bloodstained Chivalry + 2P Noblesse Oblige or 4P Noblesse Oblige
BEIDOU | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | B | B/A | B | B | C |
| C1 | B | B/A | B | B | B |
| C2 | B | A | A | B | B |
| C4 | B | A | A | B | B |
| C6 | B | A/S | S | B | A |
- Queen of Counters
- Although her supporting capabilities are locked behind a high energy costing burst, her elemental skill provides a lot of defensive and offensive options with her short cooldowns. At C6, her enabling potential increases by a lot with her elemental burst.
- Her main DPS potential is locked behind her heavy reliance on being able to counter enemy attacks. Enemy AI can be very random and forces Beidou's DPS at a lower tier than it should be. If her elemental skill could taunt to force enemies to hit her, she would most likely be in a higher tier.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Prototype Archaic, Snow-tombed Starsilver (F2P), Wolf's Gravestone, Rainslasher, Skyward Pride with 2P Gladiator's Finale + 2P Bloodstained Chivalry or 4P Gladiator's Finale or 4P Thundersoother
Sub DPS: Prototype Archaic (F2P), Sacrificial Greatsword, Skyward Pride with 2P Thundering Fury + 2P Gladitator's Finale / Noblesse Oblige or 4P Thundersoother
XINGQIU | Constellation | Enabler | Detonator | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | S | S | S | B |
| C1 | S | S | S | B |
| C2 | SS | SS | S | A |
| C4 | SS | SS | S | A |
| C6 | SS | SS | SS | A |
- Hydro swords go brrRR
- Best hydro support in the game, but heavily reliant on energy recharge to cope with his high costing burst. His initial value is great, but his damage and enabling potential goes through the roof at C2. His main DPS potential is also very underrated.
- Although his elemental skill has a long cooldown, it does provide damage reduction, decent hydro application, and a lot of energy.
Recommendations:
Sub DPS: Prototype Rancour or Iron Sting (F2P), Sacrificial Sword, Skyward Pride, any recharge weapon with 4P Noblesse Oblige or 2P Heart of Depth + 2P Noblesse Oblige. If at C6 Xingqiu, there's no need to invest in an energy recharge weapon - probably should just focus on energy recharge on your sands if need be.
RAZOR | Constellation | Main DPS |
| C0 | A |
| C1 | A |
| C2 | A |
| C4 | A/S |
| C6 | A/S |
- Electro furry bait
- Damage potential is almost comparable to a 5 star's potential. Elemental burst increases his attack speed to a very considerable amount and his character ascension stat allows for additional physical damage. Has in-built energy recharge in his kit to combat his 80 energy burst.
- His true damage potential is locked behind his first 4 constellations which increase his damage output, crit-rate, and decrease enemy DEF. While most of his damage is physical, his electro output is considerably alright.
- However, although his damage potential is high - he is a selfish DPS who needs to take up a lot of field time to maximise his damage. His team should utilise characters with deployables that match his kit such as Qiqi, Diona, Xinyan, and Xingqiu.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Prototype Archaic or Snow-tombed Starsilver(F2P), Wolf's Gravestone, Serpent Spine with 4P Gladiator's Finale
CHONGYUN | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | C | A | B | B | A |
| C1 | B | A | B | B | A |
| C2 | B | A | A | B | S |
| C4 | B | A | A | A | S |
| C6 | A | S | A | A | S |
- Popsicle boy
- His true utility and enabling potential is locked behind C2 which allows his elemental skill to reduce the cooldowns of elemental skills and bursts cast in his field. Although his elemental skill can be both a blessing and a curse with his cryo infusion, it can also increase weapon attack speed and reduce the cryo resistance of enemies.
- While having the lowest basic attack ratios of all the claymore users, he makes up for it with his kit and constellations. Having a burst with high multipliers, especially at C6, pushes him slightly higher in the list considering the cooldowns and buffs he can give to himself and his teammates. Shorter burst cooldown window from 12 - 10.2 seconds at C2 makes him a very valid 4P Noblesse Oblige user. Currently, there is no 4P artifact set that suits his DPS potential but if a cryo set were to come out that could maximise his melt reaction damage, he would be casted higher in the tier list.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Prototype Archaic (F2P), Wolf's Gravestone, Skyward Pride with 4P Gladiator's Finale or 2P Blizzard Strayer + 2P Gladiator's Finale
Sub DPS: Prototype Archaic (F2P), Sacrificial Greatsword, Skyward Pride with 4P Noblesse Oblige or 2P Blizzard Strayer + 2P Noblesse Oblige
SUCROSE | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | C | B | A | B | S |
| C1 | B | B | A | A | S |
| C2 | B | A | S | A | S |
| C4 | A | A | S | S | S |
| C6 | A | S | S | S | SS |
- Anemo wallflower, budget Venti
- Has the highest support ceiling in the game; scales very well late game with an elemental mastery packed build. Capable of crowd controlling enemies, anemo debuffing, and increasing the team's elemental mastery. Her support potential shines at C4 where she can easily obtain her elemental skill with her basic attacks allowing her kit to shine without worry of cooldown. Even with low investment, her support potential still stands out well when paired with Viridescent Veneer.
- Her main DPS potential is incredibly underrated. With her ascension stat being anemo damage and her being a catalyst anemo user, she can become an on-field carry with Fischl, Beidou, and Xingqiu behind her back dealing damage with deployables. C4 and C6 is recommended.
Recommendations:
Main DPS / Sub DPS / Support: Mappa Mare (F2P), Sacrificial Fragments, Favonius Codex with 4P Viridescent Veneer
NINGGUANG | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | A | A | B | C | B |
| C1 | A | A | B | C | B |
| C2 | A/S | S | A/B | A | B |
| C4 | A/S | S | A/B | A | B |
| C6 | S/SS | SS | A/B | A | B |
- Missile Launcher, Queen of GEO
- Excellent damage output, greatly increases her DPS potential with every passing constellation. Low energy requirement for burst and a catalyst user that can spam basic attacks. She unlocks her highest damage potential at C6, where her output alone is comparable to Diluc vaporise comps.
- Her damage ceiling stretches further as you learn to mitigate her basic attack animations with her animation-cancelling techniques.
- She is a capable niche support for geo teams being able to buff the team's geo damage with her deployable elemental skill. C2 also pushes her enabling, bursting, and battery potential by increasing her own damage output and provides additional energy to the team with its multiple elemental skill casts.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Solar Pearl, The Widsith, Lost Prayer to the Sacred Winds, Skyward Atlas, Memory of Dust, Eye of Perception with 2P Archaic Petra + 2P Gladiator's Finale
Sub DPS / Support: Solar Pearl, Favonius Codex, Memory of Dust, Eye of Perception with 2P Archaic Petra + 2P Noblesse or 4P Noblesse or 4P Archaic Petra
ZHONGLI | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | A | S | S/SS | B | S/SS |
| C1 | A | S | S/SS | B | S/SS |
| C2 | A | S | S/SS | B | S/SS |
| C4 | A | SS | SS | B | S/SS |
| C6 | A | SS | SS | B | SS |
- CEO of GEO, he died for Geo's sins so they could rise again. The true covenant holder.
- Best shielder in the game, his utility support potential is now comparable to Bennett, Sucrose, and Venti with the new buffs. With his shield being capable of shredding all elemental and physical damage resistances and having 100% uptime potential, he has become viable in all comps and also validates Zhongli's potential as a main DPS. Second ascension talent and shield shred combined doubles his basic attack and elemental skill damage with additional HP% scaling.
- Deployable elemental skill does decent damage, but the energy recharge is random and its area of effect is relatively small. C4 greatly increases his enabling potential by extending the petrification status of enemies and the size of his burst. C6 expands his role as another healer, removing the need for an additional healing support in the team.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Crescent Pike (F2P), Vortex Vanquisher, Primodial Jade Winged Spear, Blackcliff Pole, Skyward Spine, Deathmatch with 2P Gladiator's Finale + 2P Bloodstained Chivalry / 2P Archaic Petra or 4P Gladiator's Finale or 4P Retracing Bolide
Sub DPS / Support: Prototype Starglitter (F2P), Skyward Spine, Favonius Lance, Blackcliff Pole, Deathmatch with 2P Archaic Petra + 2P Noblesse Oblige or 4P Noblesse Oblige or 4P Archaic Petra
XIAO | Constellation | Main DPS |
| C0 | S/SS |
| C1 | S/SS |
| C2 | S/SS |
| C4 | S/SS |
| C6 | SS |
- Edgy anemo grasshopper, plunge attack spam is no joke
- With the highest base ATK and his transformative burst, his damage output is considered the highest in the game when considering other units and their solo output. With his burst time and talent passives assessed, his damage potential is slightly higher than Diluc's vaporise comp. However, his overall main DPS potential is limited by his element, lack of team synergy, high energy cost of his burst, and burst downtime. For optimal damage, he requires another anemo to battery his burst and some energy recharge built into his kit.
- C6 solidifies his position in the highest tier and changes his playstyle in accordance to his elemental skill.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Prototype Starglitter (F2P), Primodial Jade Winged Spear, Skyward Spine, Blackcliff Pole, Deathmatch with 2P Viridescent Veneer + 2P Gladiator's Finale
TARTAGLIA | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery |
| C0 | A | S | B | B |
| C1 | A | S | B | B |
| C2 | A | S | B | B |
| C4 | S | SS | S | A |
| C6 | SS | SS | S | A |
- Who? I only know Childe.
- Although his damage output is hampered by the long cooldown on his elemental skill, his burst potential makes up for it with his elemental skill's passive: Riptide. Each Riptide has an individual elemental reaction proc and damage bursting potential, spreading to other enemies like the plague. Such reaction damage validates electro-charged comps. To maximise his damage potential, he is best paired with C6 Fischl oand C6 Beidou. At C6, his position in the highest tier is certified with the complete removal of his elemental skill cooldown.
- A very expensive unit to build around in comparison to other 5 stars.
- Heart of Depth is tailor-made to fit his playstyle.
- His enabling potential is greatly increased at C4. Riptide automatically triggers every 4 seconds his elemental skill lasts, greatly increasing his hydro application and damage.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Prototype Crescent (F2P), Rust, Skyward Harp, Viridescent Hunt with 4P Heart of Depth
Sub DPS: Prototype Crescent (F2P), The Stringless, Skyward Harp with 2P Noblesse Oblige / 2P Heart of Depth / 2P Wanderer's Troupe
GANYU | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | SS | A/S | A/S | A | A |
| C1 | SS | A/S | A/S | A | A |
| C2 | SS | A/S | A/S | A/S | A |
| C4 | SS | S | SS | A/S | S |
| C6 | SS | S | SS | A/S | S |
- Cryo Bazooka
- The platinum standard for a 5 star character. Theoretically, she has the highest damage output in the game with a melt comp + 4P Wanderer's Troupe. However, being a charged aim shot damage dealer - her skill ceiling is higher than other main DPS'. Her charged attack and frostflake bloom damage is no joke when coupled with her ascension talents which give her additional crit-rate and bonus cryo damage when she's in the vicinity of her burst. Arguably, C1 is one of her best constellations as it reduces cryo resistance and gives her bonus energy.
- Her enabling potential is one of the best in the game, almost too good. When using her elemental burst to apply cryo on the enemy, her ice shards are usually the ones procc-ing the melt damage and not the main DPS. While being an occassional drawback for melt teams, her burst's overwhelming enabling potential with its almost 100% uptime potential is well suited for freeze comps. Her utility potential is greatly increased at C4 as her burst increases the amount of incoming damage enemies take in its field.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Prototype Crescent (F2P), Amos Bow, Blackcliff Bow with 4P Wanderer's Troupe for melt comps, 4P Blizzard Strayer for freeze comps, 2P Blizzard Strayer + 2P Gladiator's Finale for flexibility
Sub DPS / Support: Favonius Warbow (F2P), The Stringless, Sacrificial Bow with 2P Blizzard Strayer + 2P Noblesse Oblige
ALBEDO | Constellation | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | A | S | A | A |
| C1 | A | S | S | A |
| C2 | A/S | S | S | A |
| C4 | A/S | S | S | A/S |
| C6 | A/S | S | S | A/S |
- Elevator boi
- A great battery with high enabling potential. His elemental skill lasts 30 seconds on the field and deals AOE geo damage in a wide radius with battery and damage potential being comparable to Fischl's Oz. Being a geo enabler, he also provides shields through crystallise and also increases the team's elemental mastery with his burst at second ascension talent.
- Mixed stats are usually an issue, but going full DEF build to maximise his elemental skill damage is very valid. C2 solidifies DEF as his main stat to build and greatly increases the amount of damage his burst deals. C4 and C6 allow a considerable increase to his utility capabilities with him being a niche pick for plunge attack teams and defensive teams utilising crystallise.
Recommendations:
Sub DPS / Support: Harbinger of Dawn (at refinement 5), Blackcliff Longsword, Festering Desire with 2P Archaic Petra + 2P Noblesse Oblige / 2P Gamblers / 2P Defenders or 4P Archaic Petra or 4P Noblesse Oblige
QIQI | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | C | C | B | C | B |
| C1 | C | C | B | C | B |
| C2 | B | C | B | C | B |
| C4 | B | C | B | C | A |
| C6 | B | C | B | C | A |
- Hu Tao's best mate, #buffqiqi
- Best healer in the game. However, there is no content in the game that requires the healing that Qiqi provides for her team. While being only a heal bot, she does provide some utility at C4 which allows her to reduce the attack damage of enemies and C6 which allows her to resurrect fallen allies. Although her elemental skill is deployable, the cryo application is slow and is hampered by a very long cooldown.
- Her damage output potential is limited by the large energy requirement of her burst and the lack of energy she creates from her elemental skill. Even though attack is her primary stat, her basic attack multipliers are very subpar in comparison to Kaeya. At C2, she gets a small boost in her basic attack damage output against enemies affected by cryo.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Prototype Rancour (F2P), Aquila Favonia, The Black Sword with 2P Gladiator's Finale + 2P Bloodstained Chivalry or 4P Gladiator's Finale or 4P Blizzard Strayer
Sub DPS / Support: Prototype Rancour (F2P), Sacrificial Sword, any recharge weapon with 4P Maiden's Beloved for full support or 2P Maiden's Beloved + 2P Noblesse Oblige / Gladiator's / Bloodstained / Blizzard Strayer or 2P Blizzard Strayer + 2P Noblesse Oblige / Gladiator's for sub DPS.
JEAN | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | B | A | A | A | S/SS |
| C1 | A | A | A | A | S/SS |
| C2 | A | A | S | A | SS |
| C4 | S | A/S | SS | A | SS |
| C6 | S | A/S | SS | A | SS |
- Dandelion TIGHTS
- Jack of all trades, however master of one role. The flexibility of her unit makes her the platinum standard for supports alongside Venti, Zhongli, and Bennett. Being a healer, cleanser, crowd control check, an anemo debuffer, and a battery - she can fit into any team. With her second talent ascension reducing the amount of energy required for her burst, she's also a decent burst damage dealer. Her enabling potential is pushed higher at C2 where she gives the team additional movement and attack speed when she retrieves an energy orb.
- Her fall damage exploit is no joke. Her charged attack is unique in comparison to other sword users, allowing her to crowd control her enemies into the air and dealing a considerable amount of damage. She's also one of the only physical damage users who can use 4P Bloodstained Chivalry properly. Her main DPS potential is greatly increased at C1, where her short cooldown elemental skill gains additional damage and pulling strength. C4 also shreds anemo resistance off enemies by a considerable amount making her a high tier main DPS and S tier enabler.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Prototype Rancour or Festering Desire (F2P), Aquila Favonia, Skyward Blade, The Black Sword, Blackcliff Longsword with 4P Gladiator's Finale or 4P Bloodstained Chivalry or 2P Gladiator's / 2P Bloodstained / 2P Viridescent
Sub DPS / Support: Festering Desire or Prototype Rancour (F2P), Skyward Blade, The Flute, Sacrificial Sword, Favonius Sword, any energy recharge or attack bonus weapon with 4P Viridescent Veneer or 4P Noblesse Oblige or 4P Maiden's Beloved or 2P Gladiator's Finale + 2P Viridescent / 2P Bloodstained / 2P Noblesse Oblige
KLEE | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | SS | A/B | A/B | A | C |
| C1 | SS | A/B | A/B | A | C |
| C2 | SS | S | S | A | A |
| C4 | SS | SS | S | A | A |
| C6 | SS | SS | SS | A | SS |
- Terrorist, Destroyer of Worlds. Dynamite really does come in small packages.
- Her initial value is great as a main DPS, having access to a catalyst and area of effect pyro damage. Her damage ceiling increases as you learn to mitigate her basic attack animations with her animation-cancelling techniques. At C1, she gets a boost in damage potential with her attacks and skills randomly proc-ing additional pyro damage.
- With her deployable elemental skill and multiple charges, she can be an enabler for some vaporise and melt comps. Her enabling and utility potential increases with C2 which allows her to reduce enemy defence by a considerable lot with her elemental skill and C4 which turns her into a detonator when her elemental burst goes off. C6 gives additional energy and pyro damage to her teammates when she uses her burst.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Mappa Mare (F2P), Lost Prayer to the Sacred Winds, Solar Pearl, Skyward Atlas, The Widsith with 4P Crimson Witch of Flames or 2P Crimson + 2P Gladiator.
Sub DPS: Mappa Mare (F2P), The Widsith, Skyward Atlas, Lost Prayer to the Sacred Winds, Favonius Codex, Sacrificial Fragments with 2P Crimson Witch of Flames + 2P Noblesse Oblige / Gladiator's Finale
MONA | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | B | SS | S | B | S |
| C1 | B | SS | SS | B | S |
| C2 | A | SS | SS | B | S |
| C4 | A | SS | SS | B | S |
| C6 | A | SS | SS | B | S |
- "Wow, you did 120K damage with your Childe? I can do 800K with my Mona"
- A staple in high DPS damage showcases. Her elemental burst is one of the best in the game - having the ability to multiply damage output by a great amount, crowd control mobs of enemies, apply hydro to a large AOE, and work well in tandem with elemental reaction comps. Not only that, she also receives energy recharge when she ascends, allowing her to spam her burst often. Her deployable elemental skill provides a taunt, a considerable amount of energy, and consistent hydro application, however it does have a long cooldown which hampers on her enabling potential. At C1, the elemental reaction damage output of her burst increases by a considerable amount.
- Her damage potential is considerably DPS friendly. Being a catalyst user, she can constantly apply area of effect hydro damage without being limited by her elemental skills. At C2, her damage potential spikes as she can randomly proc her charged attacks with her basic attack spam. C6 Mona also scales up the damage potential of her charged attack.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Mappa Mare (F2P), Solar Pearl, The Widsith, Lost Prayer to the Sacred Winds, Skyward Atlas with 4P Wanderer's Troupe or 4P Heart of Depth
Sub DPS: Mappa Mare (F2P), The Widsith, Favonius Codex, Lost Prayer to the Sacred Winds, Skyward Atlas with 2P Noblesse Oblige + 2P Wanderer's Troupe / Heart of Depth or 4P Noblesse Oblige
KEQING | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator |
| C0 | A/S | A |
| C1 | A/S | A/S |
| C2 | A/S | A/S |
| C4 | S | S |
| C6 | S | S |
- Electro furry bait, Kekw-ing
- Her charged attack spam is the fastest in the game and deals a very high amount of damage in a short window of time. Gains crit damage as an ascension stat and additional crit rate + energy recharge when using her burst. Having a low energy cost with her burst, she has a very high uptime with her electro damage despite being a physical damage / electro damage hybrid.
- However, being an electro damage dealer does have it's limitations. Electro-related reaction damage doesn't have considerably high multipliers compared to amplification reactions like melt and vaporise. Electro-charged is the best contender for damage over time and should be paired with Xingqiu to maximise her potential.
- Damage output heavily reliant on stamina. Her charged attack energy cost is slightly higher than other sword users.
- C4 and C6 have the greatest impact on her potential damage, increasing her overall electro damage output.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Prototype Rancour (F2P), Aquila Favonia, Skyward Blade, Summit Shaper, Primodial Jade Cutter, The Black Sword, Lion's Roar with 2P Thundering Fury + 2P Gladiator's Finale or 4P Thundersoother or 2P Gladiator's Finale + 2P Bloodstained Chivalry
VENTI | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator | Enabler | Battery | Utility |
| C0 | A | S | SS | SS | S/SS |
| C1 | A | S | SS | SS | S/SS |
| C2 | A/S | S/SS | SS | SS | SS |
| C4 | S | SS | SS | SS | SS |
| C6 | S/SS | SS | SS | SS | SS |
- Sadge alocoholic, allergic to furries
- The first platinum standard support since the game's release. His burst is among the best in the game, being capable of absorbing other elements, crowd controlling mobs of enemies in a large radius, and dealing an incredible amount of damage. His enabling capabilities are also boosted by his ascension talents which reduce the energy cost of his 60 energy burst and his ascension stat which gives additional energy recharge. C2 allows for additional shred on top of Viridescent Veneer and C6 shreds on top of that shred.
- As a main DPS, he is best paired with Jean for anemo battery-ing each other. His elemental burst coupled with Stringless greatly increases his damage potential. All of his constellations increase his damage output by a considerable amount.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Prototype Crescent or Favonius Warbow (F2P), Stringless, Sacrificial Bow, Viridescent Veneer, Skyward Harp with 2P Viridescent Veneer + 2P Gladiator's Finale / 2P Noblesse Oblige or 4P Viridescent Veneer
Sub DPS / Support: Favonius Warbow (F2P), Stringless, Sacrificial Warbow with 4P Viridescent Veneer or 4P Noblesse Oblige
DILUC | Constellation | Main DPS | Detonator |
| C0 | SS | S |
| C1 | SS | S |
| C2 | SS | S |
| C4 | SS | S |
| C6 | SS | S |
- Budget Bennett, Batman
- The first platinum standard damage dealer since the game's release. One of the best DPS damage dealers in the game with low technicality and high damage output. With pyro infusion from his elemental burst and being a claymore user, he has one of the highest damage outputs in the game being only beaten by Ganyu and Xiao. Paired with Xingqiu, he can maximise his damage potential with vaporise. All of his constellations are a considerable damage boost to his DPS potential and solidify his place in the highest tier.
Recommendations:
Main DPS: Prototype Archaic (F2P), Wolf's Gravestone, Skyward Pride, Blackcliff Slasher, Serpent Spine with 4P Crimson Witch of Flames or 2P Crimson Witch + 2P Gladiator's Finale.
Check the comment I posted in the comment section for additional info. There is a general understanding among ETH investors that the enhancements from ETH 2.0, EIP-1559 and L2 solutions will result in a sustainable monetary policy with near 0% issuance and the potential for Ether to become a deflationary asset. What is even more interesting is that the net return of ETH as a SoV becomes superior to BTC the moment that issuance is lower than the staking yield. In other words, even if BTC had already ceased issuance, it offers no mechanism to provide yield to long term holders with a negligible risk exposure as ETH does. There is an execution risk that Ethereum will not deliver on what is currently planned, but if it does then what I have explained will become a reality.
You cannot separate BTC/ETH's payment rails from their respective monetary policies. As you are probably aware, issuance is just a subsidy, and without it the network will need to operate as a profitable business with a cash-flow that is entirely dependent on network fees. We are observing a situation that is causing a degradation of the utility of the Bitcoin network. What I mean by that is that the incentive for users to transact directly on the network is being diminished because of the tokenization into ETH and by the introduction of custodians (like Paypal) and traditional banking services who will soon be entering this space. If these trends continue, I suspect that the only activity that will end-up happening on-chain will be done by whales sporadically transacting to hodle and the occasional settlement from institutions. Bitcoin seems fast and frictionless, but that is because you are comparing it to something in the physical world. In digital terms Bitcoin emulates the friction of operation that is found with gold: it is difficult and expensive to move it, securing it yourself is not trivial, and it does not make for a great medium of exchange. I don't think this will be a good dynamic to generate enough transaction fees. That is of course my subjective interpretation of it, but regarding this particular situation it is nearly impossible to make objective assertions at this point. It is possible to assert that, in the digital world, the expectation of frictionless money would entail near instant transactions with negligible cost and without the relative risk/paranoia of dealing with nuclear waste and having a hacker watching your every move waiting for you to make a mistake to snatch it away. Digital money would also need to interact with other digital assets, preferably defined and operated within the same ecosystem. Ethereum is steaming ahead on all ends.
Ethereum is fostering a digital economy (this is a very important part of understanding the value of Ethereum, but I will not be exploring it in this post) with DeFi at its center. It is currently generating about three times as much trx fee revenue as Bitcoin. L2 solutions are going live as we speak, and it appears that they will be much more practical and provide better UX when compared to the Lightning Network. This will help to amplify L1 block space value and push revenue even higher. That will be followed by EIP-1559, which will burn transaction fees. Mining is currently excessively profitable and the hash rate cannot keep up. This means the financial incentive can be reduced and by burning trx fees we achieve the equivalent of an issuance reduction, while stabilizing mining revenue. Eventually the transition to PoS will dramatically cut the operational cost of the network. That means that Ethereum as a business will become more profitable and less reliant on the issuance subsidy. Finally, we will see the introduction of sharding which will scale L1 by up to 1,000 times, compounding the effect of L2 solutions and making it feasible for the network to operate as a platform for new use cases. A solution to the hackenuclear waste security situation is being explored via social recovery wallets. It is still in the early stages of research and design, but it is important to realize that the Ethereum community recognizes it as a problem and is working on a solution.
There is a lot more that can be said about the BTC vs ETH debate and I am working on a full write up that explores each individual element in more detail. Regardless, it is important to pay attention to this trend: the smartest people in this space are shifting their point of view and realizing Ethereum's potential. Raoul Pal is a seasoned investor, extremely bright and open minded. He started with Bitcoin, but it did not take him long to understand the value proposition of Ethereum. Lyn Alden is a brilliant investor and mental powerhouse who initially did not think investing in Ethereum could be justified, but she is also
starting to shift her view and now understands that it has a justifiable risk/reward ratio to be included in a portfolio (although she is not personally invested in Ethereum). She has plenty of negative things to say about it, however it appears that she recognizes this is not a black and white situation. I have a feeling she will be revising her analysis on Ethereum again in the future with a more optimist view, but maybe that is just wishful thinking.
The crypto space has a few analogies that have been used to describe technical/economic mechanisms that are somewhat tricky to understand: mining, Ethereum's gas, and the analogy between ether and oil. Crypto "mining" is not like real world mining. It's purpose is not to extract resources, but it is rather a decentralized mechanism to process transactions. Newly minted BTC tokens are not "mined", they are minted by the protocol and awarded to operators. Furthermore, it is impossible to change the total mining output of the network... adding/removing miners does not affect the mining output. If you are new to crypto, you can read a more detailed explanation of mining
here. ETH's "gas" is not like fuel (it cannot even be stored). It is just a computational metric that is more akin to the distance a car must travel, but not what actually makes it move. The fuel is electricity and it must be paid for with ether. When you transact you are also paying for the "car" which is the use of all active mining hardware/validators for a fraction of a second. And ether is just money.
If you put too much weight on these simplified analogies, you will not understand the economic actuality behind them. This is a source confusion in the crypto space, and it is used to support false narratives. From an economic perspective, ether is money. Once you understand this, you will know that the narrative that BTC and ETH are not competing because they are different things is analogous to saying fax machines do not compete with the internet.
The beautiful thing about ether is that it is actually not "just money". It is a mixture of a scarce monetized commodity, money, bond and tech stock.
- Monetized Commodity: Ether is becoming more scarce and will continue to do so with the transition to proof-of-stake and EIP-1559. Ethereum does not have a supply cap, but it does have a roadmap for a sustainable security model and if it achieves a positive cashflow then it will not only eliminate issuance, it can become deflationary. An argument can be made about potential issues with Bitcoin's sustainability in the long run.
- Currency: Ether is used as a unit of account and medium of exchange to pay for every activity in Ethereum. It is also used in the same way for venture capital related to ICOs, and Ether is also used as collateral in the DEFI space and new monetary uses will continue to emerge. It is an immature form of money, just like Bitcoin is an immature form of gold. Some people prefer to say that Ether is just a utility token. However, a utility token is just a narrowly scoped form of money. Not only is Ether's scope within its digital economy growing, by next year users will be able to pay millions of merchants with Ether through Paypal. We have never seen the adoption of a new form of money grow organically. New forms of money have always been imposed by authorities. What would the organic growth of money look like? It would look like Ether.
- Ethereum's digital economy: Ethereum has limitless use cases and it is already generating economic activity with real world usefulness. Ether's value will benefit from acting as the native monetary asset for Ethereum. As Ethereum's economic activity grows, the velocity and/or value of ether must also increase.
- Bond: With proof-of-stake you need to lock up Ether to receive a yield in return. It is similar to how bonds work.
- Tech Stock: Ethereum provides a service. That service is paid with ether. The network is controlled by holding ether that is staked. The more valuable the service provided by Ethereum becomes, the more users will be willing to pay for transactions and the more valuable the protocol and the Ether token become. Cloud based services is the entire business model of many companies. The network will be entirely operated by stakers who happen to be the recipients of transaction fees. It is not exactly the same as holding a stock, but there are a lot of parallels.
- Full reserve banking model: This is a bit of a stretch, but it is a potential end-game for Ethereum. It can serve as the base infrastructure and reserve asset for a full reserve banking system. In a nutshell: a consortium of banking companies can be formed to standardize a framework to hold and stake Ether under custody in exchange for wrapped Ether. Customers deposit Ether, banks exchange it for wETH and stake the original ETH. Resting balances of wEther on customer accounts can receive a cut of the staking rewards. Banks get their profit model, customers get to spend wrapped Ether with traditional banking services and potentially receive a share of the staking yield. Customers could also have access to a yield curve based on variable reserve requirements. This would allow banks to create money (which is actually good for the economy when it is done with moderation), but for the first time ever customers would have the choice of how much risk exposure they are comfortable with. This dynamic could help to establish a form of democratic check and balances system that discourages moral hazard. Ether could become a godsend to banks in the land of negative yields. It's a pipe dream, but not entirely impossible. Don't forget that the US OCC has essentially given banks the green light to take the first steps in this direction (US banks have been approved to use the Ethereum blockchain for their operations AND they can become validators... yup this happened).
EDIT 1: Adding an analogy to explain why ether is money: Let’s say I have a car with a 14-gallon fuel tank and I want to take it on a road trip. The car is not aware of the price of gasoline, and it would not travel any farther if the price of gas would double the next day. That’s because the intrinsic utility of oil has nothing to do with its monetary value. The car needs gas because of its particular physical properties and how the ICE is designed to utilize it. If I want to drive from point A to point B and it takes a full tank to get there, it will take that full tank no matter what happens to the monetary properties of gas/oil. This is fundamentally different from how Ethereum uses ether.
Ethereum (the network) is not trying to be money, but it utilizes ether exclusively for its monetary properties and not because it can be magically burned by an imaginary engine of sorts. It costs money to participate in the network as a miner, and their engagement is financially incentivized with ether. Block space is a scarce resource, therefore participants who wish to transact use ether to bid for it. These interactions are utilizing ether as a monetary medium of exchange. In the long run, as the price of ether goes up, the ether denomination of gas prices goes down. That happens because no one is using ether as gas/oil, and it is actually being used as money. In the short run you may see the opposite occurring because of the dynamic between the portion of block space demand that is inelastic and the demand for ether.
EDIT 2: Revisiting key concepts to explain how they will become price catalysts. - Wide adoption of L2 solutions: these will amplify the base layer block space value while encouraging further network adoption by a significant reduction of fees. A successful integration with DeFi protocols will dismiss the "Ethereum killers" theory and consolidate market confidence.
- EIP-1559: reduce excessive financial incentives to miners by burning transaction fees. This will also discourage miners from attempting to artificially raise fees via spam.
- Sharding: scale L1 bandwidth, compounding the effect of L2 solutions, further consolidating Ethereum's dominance in the DeFi space, making it feasible to introduce new use cases and eventually increase trx fee revenue.
- The switch from PoW to PoS: discontinuing PoW will eliminate the operating costs related to mining and will allow for a reduction of issuance. Money that was previously allocated to buying mining equipment will be redirected to the acquisition of Ether. Staking Ether will remove it from circulation for extended periods of time. Operating cost will be negligible, allowing validators to withhold most of the Ether revenue. This will be the greatest bull market catalyst in the history of cryptocurrencies and it will eclipse the effect of BTC halvenings.
Bitcoin maximalists will be nay-saying all the way through and past a market cap flip. Do not get caught up in their narrative. If you are not sure, then it is better to rebalance your portfolio proportionally to market caps. If none of these things happen and Ethereum turns out to be a failure, then you would only have reduced your gains by 20%. Otherwise, ETH will be making you mountains of money.
EDIT 3: Ethereum killers Ethereum killers remind me a lot of Tesla killers, but a lot worse. People need to understand that cryptocurrency platforms targeting financial Dapps are fighting the equivalent force of a black-hole when it comes to Ethereum’s network effect and user retention in this space.
Bigger players, with bigger money, are entering this market and they will not settle for anything other than the top dog. This pattern reinforces Ethereum's position as the premium financial system, which ends up attracting even bigger players and resulting in the black-hole effect. To make matters even more complicated, financial apps are more valuable when they are surrounded by a rich and diverse variety of digital assets and other natively defined Dapps. There is not much you can do with your money in a ghost town.
It is VERY difficult to build this type of environment up because the platform and dapps must also have established full trust from their user base. This is not to say there is no space for other networks to grow, but just don’t get your hopes high that they will be taking Ethereum’s stronghold as a financial system. There are other use cases that do not require the amount of decentralization and security offered by Ethereum, and the networks that can focus on these are the ones who will be able to coexist with in the long-run. Gaming, ERP interoperability and supply chain are good examples of such use cases. Remember that alternatives with cheap transactions have existed for a while and they have barely touched ETH's dominance (EOS, NEO, VET, QTUM, IOTA, LSK, STRAT, ARK and dare I say... TRON).
EDIT 4: Refuting critiques about dynamic monetary policy If an argument can be made that the financial incentives to operators (miners/stakers) are excessive or insufficient then an argument can be for the implementation and execution of a dynamic monetary policy.
I don't think an arbitrarily picked issuance schedule determined during the genesis of a new highly complex system is likely to be efficient through its lifecycle. Bitcoin's monetary policy provides the certainty of stability and protection from abuse, but it sacrifices the possibility of efficiency and jeopardizes longevity. It would be like if a captain of a ship would point it in the direction of its final destination, set the throttle, then fall back to his cabin for a nice bottle of chianti and hope that the ship would arrive safely. There would be no one at the helm to navigate the seas, no one to make sure it stayed on route, no one to avoid the storms or to take advantage of currents. In my opinion it is a pretty bad approach to something as critical as monetary policy.
With respect to Ethereum's dynamic monetary policy: I don't see any evidence to suggest developers have been enriching their pockets by keeping issuance at the levels they are. Developers are stakeholders and the Ethereum fund holds a lot of ether - debasing ether is against their self interest. There is a great misunderstanding that the one's who are adjusting issuance are the recipients of the new tokens. Is there any documented case of this happening?
EDIT 5: Addressing Bitcoin's immutable monetary policy The idea that Bitcoin's monetary policy cannot be changed is a myth. It is a false narrative that takes for granted that the issuance subsidy will no longer be necessary at some point, but there is no way to objectively assert this. There is no divine power preventing the monetary policy from being changed. If the security model for Bitcoin was jeopardized because of insufficient cash flow to miners, then Bitcoin's monetary policy would be the first thing on the chop board to go in order to remedy the situation.
EDIT 6: Five years ago naysayers were screaming about how everything that is being done TODAY in the Ethereum network would never work. Now they are calling Ethereum a scam, or that is is a platform for degenerate gamblers, or that the fees are too high and therefore it is useless, or that it can't scale, or that something else better is just around the corner to take its place.... you know... basically all the things that traditional bankers have to say about Bitcoin, maxis are saying about Ethereum.
EDIT 7: The greater the impact a new technology can have on society, the more difficult it is to comprehend its potential. Ethereum has the potential to have a dramatic impact on human civilization. It could take decades for it to be fully realized, but it would change the world in ways that we cannot possibly imagine today. If it happens, the moon will be just a pit-stop.
EDIT 8: Thank you so much for all the awards! Ethereans understand this stuff, and I could feel the frustration in the air every time someone said that Ethereum is not money, or that ETH and BTC are completely different things, or all the other bs attacks that are in great part founded on a lack of understanding of how BTC and ETH actually work. I would love to hear what guys like Raoul Pal, Pomp, Michael Saylor and Fernando Ulrich (for my Brazilian friends) would have to say about some of the things that have been written here. If you know a way to get their attention, then please do it.
EDIT 9: Clarification about Lyn Alden's opinion of Ethereum
EDIT 10: I am still working on a much more ambitious write up. It is focused on economic aspects of money, monetary systems and global asset markets. I still have not incorporated any of the information written here, but I eventually will merge it together. One of the main new ideas that I am exploring is challenging the notion that money has no intrinsic value and that scarcity is the most important attribute of money. I think I make a compelling argument to demonstrate that facilitating economic activity is more important, and how Ethereum has a big edge over Bitcoin in this regard. Here is the
link to the WIP doc.
TLDR: Ethereum is not stopping at the moon... it is not stopping on Mars... it is going straight out of the Milky Way galaxy in search for alien life... but you should own some BTC just in case the spaceship malfunctions during launch.
Fellow retards,
I noticed that this sub is going to hit 2 million people soon, and I have decided to put aside my project assignments to write this DD (albeit more towards psychologically) on why luck is extremely important in the stock market, and what you can do to potentially get in favor of luck. Before I start, I want to congratulate you on being here. You have came a long way in life, and there’s more to come. Be happy.
TLDR at the last paragraph. I want to talk mainly 3 things; luck, the psychology behind investing and what you should do to maximize profits.
Luck In the book 'The Drunkard's Walk', under chapter of 'Illusions of Patterns and Patterns of Illusion', and I quote: "In 1978, Koppett revealed a system that he claimed could determine, by the end of January every year, whether the stock market would go up or down in that calendar year. His system had correctly predicted the market, he said, for the past eleven years. Of course, stock-picking systems are easy to identify in hindsight; the true test is whether they will work in the future. Koppett's system passed that test too: judging the market by the Dow Jones Industrial Average, it worked for eleven straight years, from 1979 through 1989, got it wrong in 1990, and was correct again every year until 1998. But although Koppett's predictions were correct for a streak of eighteen out of nineteen years, I feel confident in asserting that his streak involved no skill whatsoever. Why? Because Leonard Koppett was a columnist for
Sporting News, and his system was based on the results of the Super Bowl, the championship game of professional football. Whenever the team from the (original) National Football league won, the stock market, he predicted, would rise."
In the book 'Fooled by Randomness', the Prologue mentioned "...luck disguised and perceived as nonluck (that is, skills) and, more generally, randomness disguised and perceived as non-randomness (that is, determinism). "
In the book ‘The Black Swan’ by Taleb Nassim Nicholas, Page 119 mentioned " A successful person will try to convince you that his achievements could not possibly be accidental, just as a gambler who wins at roulette seven times in a row will explain to you that the odds against such a streak are one in several million, so you either have to believe some transcendental intervention is in play or accept his skills and insight in picking the winning numbers." More often than not, luck is rarely on your side. I can provide many other articles, but I believe you get the point.
To emphasize it, "the habit of mistaking luck for skill is most prevalent - and most conspicuous - and that is the world of markets." So why am I saying all these? What I am trying to imply is, do appreciate your GME gains, or whatever astronomical gains that you have. These gains, more often than not, are results of extremely lucky happenstances, where most people are incapable of harnessing them. Yes, there are tons of good DDs. But you yourselves are incredibly lucky to be part of WSB, and personally reading the DDs yourselves, and lucky enough to decide that you would be retarded enough to take the risk. You should be happy and grateful about it, because like I said, this is hugely, and heavily dependent on luck. Humans are flawed, because we have the tendency to look for specific causes that lead to effects. We often find it hard to accept that an event can be the result of total randomness, but sometimes it is. In financial forecasting, several times random volatility is mistaken for accurate prediction. In a group of many analysts, it is normal to expect that someone's predictions will turn out to be true (
u/DeepFuckingValue). So, in case you get way too ahead of yourselves thinking you are absolutely a genius for having triple percentage gains in your portfolio, remember you're most likely just lucky. And since you're lucky, be appreciative and do not be complacent.
Psychology behind Investing Several studies have fooled people into believing they are in control of something they actually have no control over. In fact, human decision-making shows systematic simplifications and deviations from the tenets of rationality (‘heuristics’) that may lead to suboptimal decisional outcomes (‘cognitive biases’). There are currently three prevailing theoretical perspectives on the origin of heuristics and cognitive biases: a cognitive-psychological, an ecological and an evolutionary perspective. To simplify that, it basically means that cognitive biases arise from intrinsic brain mechanisms that are fundamental for the working of our neural networks. Your mind is always on the cautious side of things, because it is trying to protect you.
Remember a time when you were very near the edge of a building/cliff, and all of a sudden you feel hypersensitive to the surrounding around you? You are aware of every rocks and stones that might sabotage you. Another example can be that you shiver when peeing, because your body is exaggerating the signal that you are rapidly losing body heat, and is trying to shiver up the muscle fiber to keep you warm, etc. You get the idea.
This unfortunately, applies in investing as well. Your mind will inevitably forces you to be on the safer side. A dip? Oh no... you panic. But relax, that is normal. In my last point, I will explain what you can do to overcome it.
What you can do to stay calm? So now you know that it is in human nature to be a paper handed bitch. The first step is realizing that your own neural networks are playing a huge part in giving you a paper hand. When you realized that it is your own mind that is keeping you on the safer side, perhaps you can be more self-aware. Being impatient in the market is the worst mistake that you would commit while investing in the stocks. You have to know that if you do not have good patience in the market then you would find difficulty in getting the right stocks for your investment. You have to finally take your own decisions when you wish to select the stocks. Remember however, you do have to be lucky to hit the jackpot on certain investments as per my first point.
Confirmation bias is also a bitch. As philosopher Francis Bacon put it in 1620, "the human understanding, once it has adopted an opinion, collects any instances that confirm it, and though the contrary instances may be more numerous and more weighty, it either does not notice them or else rejects them, in order that this opinion will remain unshaken." This happens very often in WSB, and I want you to be cautious as well. To show you how easy confirmation bias is, imagine I have 5 numbers here. After presenting you these numbers, I want you to guess what is the rule of the game. Here are the 5 numbers: 4 6 8 10 12. What will your next 3 numbers be? What is the rule of the game? The rule is:
Increasing Numbers, the next 3 numbers can be 13 14 15 Most of you might have guessed "increasing even numbers and provided with 14 16 18, when in fact it is not.
Luck does not solely come from deciding whether to listen to another retard's DD on a thread, and YOLO-ing your life savings onto some stocks. It also comes in the form of your birth status, etc. Having a $100,000 head start in the stock market, is almost always better than someone having $1000 as a starting capital (or worse still, negative capital simply because your parents are poor, that's unlucky).
That being said, I believe all of us here are in some way privileged to be gathered here and discussing individually. The poor kids in some countries have to fight for clean water and food. So the next time you realized that you are earning money in the stock market, remember, it is incredibly hard to do it, and you should be proud of yourselves. And in the scenario where you lose your money, well, you shouldn't be surprised either way. You are bound to be losing.
Here are some books you can refer to if you're interested: The Drunkard’s Walk by Leonard Mlodinow (How Randomness Rules Our Lives), Fooled by Randomness by Taleb N, The Black Swan by Taleb N, Who’s in Charge? by Michael S. Gazzaniga (on Free will and the science of the brain), Success and Luck by Robert H. Frank, The Most Good You Can Do (How effective altruism is changing ideas about living ethically) by Peter Singer.
Clarification: Some people mentioned if this post was directed to "diminish the contributions of skill and the hard effort of anyone". Absolutely not.
This post is assuming that in the top few % (if you're reading this, yourself included), everyone is just as talented. But to be part of that 1% in that 1%, to be the richest among the richest, you have to be incredibly lucky.
TLDR: If you make huge gains, go and give some of it to other people that may not have been so lucky. Go and give it to the homeless people at the unemployment line, who ain't so lucky as you. Maybe buy him food. Get him clothes. Donate to your local charities. Most importantly, give it back to your parents, because your parents are the one who, most likely, set you up in this direction, and you are lucky enough to be here today. If you did not make any gains, remember, it is perfectly okay.
Shorter TLDR: Be happy, be grateful.
🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀
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